Saturday, February 6, 2016
Alkane Preparation
1. Chlemenson Reduction (Aldehyde/Ketone)
2. Catalytic Hydrogenation (Alkenes/Alkynes)
- Formaldehyde gives methane.
- This reaction can be used to attach 2D or 2H atoms.
- Instead of c.HCl, if c. DCl is used it can obtain 2D (Deuterium) atoms.
- 2D atoms in a molecule shows it has undergone Chlemenson reduction.
2. Catalytic Hydrogenation (Alkenes/Alkynes)
3. Hydrolysis of Grinard Reagent
eg. a)
b)
b)
Friday, February 5, 2016
Isomerism
- Structural Isomerism
a. Chain isomerism :- same molecular formula but different arrangements.
b. Position isomerism :- same molecular formula, same functional groups but in different positions.
c. Functional group isomerism :- same molecular formula, but different functional groups.
- Stereo-Isomerism
a. Diastereomerism (Geometrical) :- Arising of 2 different isomers because of σ bond cannot rotate about its axis (existence of the π electron cloud).
- Trans isomer is more stable than the cis isomer. As trans has low steric hindrance and 0 dipole moment.
b. Enantiomerism (Optical) :- 4 different groups attached to the same carbon atom. Arising of 2 different isomers as one doesn’t superimpose with its mirror image. It and its non- Superimposable mirror image are the Enantiomers.
- Enantiomers are identified by sending plane polarized light. It and its non-superimposable mirror image rotate in 2 opposite directions.(clockwise & anti-clockwise)
Saturday, January 23, 2016
Friday, January 22, 2016
Contents of Organic Chemistry
 |
| Contents of Organic Chemistry |
Contents of Organic Chemistry
- Isomerism
- Alkanes
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Benzene
- Alkyl Halide
- Alcohols
- Phenols
- Aldehydes & Ketones
- Carboxylic Acids
- Acid Chlorides
- Esters
- Amides
- Amines
- Aniline
- Diazonium Chloride
Subscribe to:
Posts
(
Atom
)